João Dudley, 1.º Duque de Northumberland

João Dudley, 1.º Duque de Northumberland
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John Dudley (Londres, 1501/1504 - Londres, 1553) foi visconde Lisle, Conde de Warwick, Duque de Northumberland e Lorde Protetor da Inglaterra.

Amigo de Henrique VIII, foi notável militar. Fez maiores progressos ainda sob seu filho Eduardo VI em 1547: achava o Protetor Somerset muito moderado. Intrigou contra a família dos Seymour. Esmagou a jacquerie de 1549, sendo o verdadeiro campeão da aristocracia de terras. Lutou pela monarquia absoluta, após vencer o Protetor em 1552. Sua ambição desmesurada o fez impopular. Foi executado em Agosto de 1553.

Casamento

Casou-se com Jane Guildford, de quem teve numerosos filhos:

• 1 - John Dudley (morto em 1554), Conde de Warwick, casado com Ana Seymour (morta em 1588), filha de Eduardo Seymour, Duque de Somerset e Ana Stanhope;
• 2 - Ambrose Dudley (morto em 1590), Conde de Warwick; casado com Ana Whorwood (morta em 1552), tendo um filho, também John Dudley; casou depois com Elizabeth Talboys e com Ana Russell (morta em 1603).
• 3 - Henrique Dudley, casado com Margarida Audley (morta em 1563); a qual casou por segunda vez com Thomas Howard (morto em 1572), Duque de Norfolk;
• 4 - Lord Guilford Dudley (executado em 12 de fevereiro de 1554 na Torre de Londres) o qual casou em 1553 com Lady Jane Grey;
• 5 - Robert Dudley ou Roberto de Leicester Dudley (morto em 1588). O famoso favorito da Rainha da Inglaterra Isabel. Casado primeiro com Amy Robsart (morta em 1560); depois com Lettice Knollys (morta em 1634), filha de Francis Knollys e Catherine Carey, a qual casara antes com Walter Devereux, Conde de Essex e casaria depois com r Blount;
• 6 - Mary (morta em 1586) casada com Henry Sidney (morto em 1586);
• 7 - Catarina , casada com o Conde Henry of Huntingdon Hastings (morto em 1595).

Bibliografia

• Adams, Simon (ed.) (1995): Household Accounts and Disbursement Books of Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, 1558–1561, 1584–1586. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-55156-0.
• Adams, Simon (2002): Leicester and the Court: Essays in Elizabethan Politics. Manchester University Press. ISBN 0-7190-5325-0.
• Alford, Stephen (2002): Kingship and Politics in the Reign of Edward VI. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-03971-0.
• Beer, B.L. (1973): Northumberland: The Political Career of John Dudley, Earl of Warwick and Duke of Northumberland. The Kent State University Press. ISBN 0-87338-140-8.
• Chapman, Hester (1962): Lady Jane Grey. Jonathan Cape. OCLC 51384729.
• Christmas, Matthew (1997): "Edward VI". History Review. Issue 27. March 1997. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
• Dawson, Ian (1993): The Tudor Century 1485–1603. Thomas Nelson & Sons. ISBN 0-17-435063-5.
• Erickson, Carolly (1995): Bloody Mary: The Life of Mary Tudor. BCA.
• French, Peter (2002): John Dee: The World of an Elizabethan Magus. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7448-0079-1.
• Gunn, S.J. (1999): "A Letter of Jane, Duchess of Northumberland, 1553". English Historical Review. Vol. CXIV No. 460. November 1999. pp. 1267–1271.
• Guy, John (1990): Tudor England. Oxford Paperbacks. ISBN 0-19-285213-2.
• Hawkyard, A.D.K. (1982): "DUDLEY, Sir John (1504/6-53), of Halden, Kent; Dudley Castle, Staffs.; Durham Place, London; Chelsea and Syon, Mdx.". The History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 2014-02-28.
• Heal, Felicity (1980): Of Prelates and Princes: A Study of the Economic and Social Position of the Tudor Episcopate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-08761-2.
• Hoak, Dale (1980): "Rehabilitating the Duke of Northumberland: Politics and Political Control, 1549–53". In Jennifer Loach and Robert Tittler (eds.): The Mid-Tudor Polity c. 1540–1560. pp. 29–51, 201–203. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-24528-8.
• Hoak, Dale (2008): "Edward VI (1537–1553)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Online edn. Jan 2008 (subscription required). Retrieved 2010-04-04.
• Hutchinson, Robert (2006): The Last Days of Henry VIII: Conspiracy, Treason and Heresy at the Court of the dying Tyrant. Phoenix. ISBN 0-7538-1936-8.
• Ives, Eric (2009): Lady Jane Grey: A Tudor Mystery Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-9413-6.
• Jordan, W. K. (1970): Edward VI: The Threshold of Power. The Dominance of the Duke of Northumberland. George Allen & Unwin. ISBN 0-04-942083-6.
• Jordan, W.K. and M.R. Gleason (1975): The Saying of John Late Duke of Northumberland Upon the Scaffold, 1553. Harvard Library. Predefinição:LCCN/prepare.
• Loach, Jennifer (2002): Edward VI. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09409-4.
• Loades, David (1996): John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland 1504–1553. Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-820193-1.
• Loades, David (2003): Elizabeth I. Hambledon Continuum. ISBN 1-85285-304-2.
• Loades, David (2004): Intrigue and Treason: The Tudor Court, 1547–1558. Pearson/Longman. ISBN 0-582-77226-5.
• Loades, David (2008): "Dudley, John, duke of Northumberland (1504–1553)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Online edn. Oct 2008 (subscription required). Retrieved 2010-04-04.
• MacCulloch, Diarmaid (2001): The Boy King: Edward VI and the Protestant Reformation. Palgrave. ISBN 0-312-23830-4.
• MacCulloch, Diarmaid. "Parliament and the Reformation of Edward VI." Parliamentary History 34.3 (2015): 383–400.
• Merriman, Marcus (2000): The Rough Wooings: Mary Queen of Scots, 1542–1551 Tuckwell Press. ISBN 978-1-86232-090-1.
• Nichols, J.G. (ed.) (1850): The Chronicle of Queen Jane. Camden Society.
• Nichols, J.G. (ed.) (1857): Literary Remains of King Edward the Sixth. Vol. I. Roxburghe Club.
• Porter, Linda (2007): Mary Tudor: The First Queen. Portrait. ISBN 978-0-7499-5144-3.
• Rathbone, Mark (2002): "Northumberland". History Review Issue 44. December 2002. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
• Richards, Judith (2007): "Edward VI and Mary Tudor: Protestant King and Catholic Sister". History Review. Issue 59. December 2007. Retrieved 2010-12-23.
• Skidmore, Chris (2007): Edward VI: The Lost King of England. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 978-0-297-84649-9.
• Slack, Paul (1980): "Social Policy and the Constraints of Government, 1547–58". In Jennifer Loach and Robert Tittler (eds.): The Mid-Tudor Polity c. 1540–1560. pp. 94–115. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-24528-8.
• Starkey, David (2001): Elizabeth: Apprenticeship. Vintage. ISBN 0-09-928657-2.
• Tytler, P. F. (1839): England under the Reigns of Edward VI. and Mary. Vol. II. Richard Bentley.
• Warnicke, R. M. (2012): Wicked Women of Tudor England: Queens, Aristocrats, Commoners. Palgrave.
• Williams, Penry (1998): The Later Tudors: England 1547–1603. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-288044-6.
• Wilson, Derek (1981): Sweet Robin: A Biography of Robert Dudley Earl of Leicester 1533–1588. Hamish Hamilton. ISBN 0-241-10149-2.
• Wilson, Derek (2005): The Uncrowned Kings of England: The Black History of the Dudleys and the Tudor Throne. Carroll & Graf. ISBN 0-7867-1469-7.
• Wood, Andy (2007): The 1549 Rebellions and the Making of Early Modern England. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-83206-9.