Descrição do arquivo

This figure shows sea level rise the end of the last glacial episode based on data from Fleming et al. 1998, Fleming 2000, and Milne et al. 2005. These papers collected data from various reports and adjusted them for subsequent vertical geologic motions, primarily those associated with post-glacial continental and hydroisostatic rebound. The first refers to deformations caused by the weight of continental ice sheets pressing down on the land the latter refers to uplift in coastal areas resulting from the increased weight of water associated with rising sea levels. Because of the latter effect and associated uplift, many islands, especially in the Pacific, experienced higher local sea levels in the mid-Holocene than they do today. Uncertainty about the magnitude of these corrections is the dominant uncertainty in many measurements of sea level change.

The black curve is based on minimizing the sum of squares error weighted distance between this curve and the plotted data. It was constructed by adjusting a number of specified tie points, typically placed every 1 kyr but at times adjusted for sparse or rapidly varying data. A small number of extreme outliers were dropped. Some authors propose the existence of significant short-term fluctuations in sea level such that the sea level curve might oscillate up and down about this ~1 kyr mean state. Others dispute this and argue that sea level change has largely been a smooth and gradual process. However, at least one episode of rapid deglaciation, known as meltwater pulse 1A, is agreed upon, and is indicated on the plot. A variety of other accelerated periods of deglaciation have been proposed (i.e. meltwater pulse 1B, 1C, 1D, 2, 3...), but it is unclear whether these actually occurred or merely reflect misinterpretation of difficult measurements. No other events are evident in the data presented above.

The lowest point of sea level during the last glaciation is not well constrained by observations (shown here as a dashed curve), but is generally argued to be approximately 130 ± 10 m below present sea level and to have occurred at approximately 22 ± 3 thousand years ago. The time of lowest sea level is more or less equivalent to the Last Glacial Maximum. Prior to this time, ice sheets were still increasing in size, so sea level had been decreasing almost continuously for approximately 100,000 years.

Copyright

This figure was prepared by Robert A. Rohde from published data, and is incorporated into the Global Warming Art project.

Image from Global Warming Art

This image is an original work created for Global Warming Art. Please refer to the image description page for more information.

É concedida permissão para copiar, distribuir e/ou modificar este documento nos termos da Licença de Documentação Livre GNU, versão 1.2 ou qualquer versão posterior publicada pela Free Software Foundation; sem Seções Invariantes, sem textos de Capa e sem textos de Contra-Capa. É incluída uma cópia da licença na seção intitulada GNU Free Documentation License.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue

	A utilização deste arquivo é regulada nos termos da licença Creative Commons Atribuição-Partilha nos Termos da Mesma Licença 3.0 Unported.
	Você é livre: para compartilhar – copiar, distribuir e transmitir a obra para remixar – para adaptar o trabalho Sob as seguintes condições: atribuição – Você deve dar crédito apropriado, fornecer um link para a licença e indicar se as alterações foram feitas. Você pode fazê-lo de qualquer maneira razoável, mas não de maneira alguma que sugira que o licenciador endossa você ou seu uso. compartilhar igualmente – Se você remixar, transformar ou construir sobre o material, você deve distribuir suas contribuições sob a licença igual ou compatível como o original.
	Esta marca de licenciamento foi adicionada a este arquivo durante a atualização da licença GFDL.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/CC BY-SA 3.0Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0truetrue

References

• Fleming, Kevin, Paul Johnston, Dan Zwartz, Yusuke Yokoyama, Kurt Lambeck, and John Chappell (1998). "Refining the eustatic sea-level curve since the Last Glacial Maximum using far- and intermediate-field sites". Earth and Planetary Science Letters 163 (1-4): 327-342. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00198-8
• Fleming, Kevin Michael (2000) Glacial Rebound and Sea-level Change Constraints on the Greenland Ice Sheet, Australian National University PhD Thesis
• Milne, Glenn A., Antony J. Long and Sophie E. Bassett (2005). "Modelling Holocene relative sea-level observations from the Caribbean and South America". Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (10-11): 1183-1202. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.10.005

Esta imagem de geology (ou todas as imagens neste artigo ou categoria) deveriam ser recriadas usando gráficos vetoriais, como arquivos SVG. Isto tem várias vantagens; veja as imagens para rever para mais informações. Se já criou um arquivo SVG desta imagem, por favor, carregue-o. Depois do novo arquivo SVG ter sido carregado, substitua aqui esta predefinição pela predefinição {{vector version available|nome da nova imagem.svg}}.